What is a ball spline and what is its function?

2025-05-23 45

Definition of Ball Spline

Ball splines are widely used in various high-reliability, high-precision automated equipment and medical devices, such as semiconductor packaging, mounting equipment, and medical devices.

A ball spline is a bearing that provides smooth and unrestricted linear motion. It consists of steel balls circulating back and forth within the spline housing's inner cavity along the grooves of the spline shaft, enabling high-precision, directionally controllable linear motion.

Classification of Ball Splines

Shape Classification: Straight Tube Ball Splines, Flange Ball Splines, Slider-Type Ball Splines;

Integration Classification: Integral Ball Splines, Rotating Nut Ball Splines;

Shaft Diameter Classification: Miniature Ball Splines, Large Shaft Diameter Ball Splines;

Travel Classification: Limited-travel ball splines, unlimited-travel ball splines;

Outer Cylinder Type Classification: Cylindrical ball splines, flanged ball splines, reinforced end dust-proof flanged ball splines, and flanged ball splines;

Spline Shaft Type Classification: Precision solid spline shafts, hollow spline shafts, and custom-made special-processed spline shafts.

Features of ball splines

The main features of ball splines include high load capacity, zero backlash in rotation, high sensitivity, high rigidity, high precision, high efficiency, low wear, and simple assembly and maintenance.

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The Function of Ball Splines

1. Protecting Mechanical Equipment: The structural design of ball splines provides a certain degree of elasticity when transmitting torque and speed, enabling them to absorb sudden loads and vibrations, thereby reducing wear and damage to mechanical equipment.

2. Improving Transmission Efficiency: Ball splines utilize rolling friction to transmit torque and rotational speed. Compared to traditional spline transmission methods, they have lower friction losses, thereby improving transmission efficiency and reducing power consumption.

3. Suitable for high-speed rotation: The ball components of the ball spline directly engage between the teeth, reducing wear on the spline and teeth. Additionally, due to the rolling nature of the balls, they can accommodate high-speed rotation requirements, making them more reliable than traditional spline transmissions.

4. Meeting various transmission requirements: The flexible and diverse structure of ball splines can accommodate various transmission requirements, such as hollow transmission, wide-range speed variation, and vibration transmission.

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